请外国人吃饭却不知道如何用英语来点菜怎么
中餐菜名英译
一、以菜肴的主料和配料为主的菜名
1、辣子鸡丁,Sautéchickencubeswithchiliorhotpepper
2、榨菜肉丝,Shreddedporkandhotpickledmustardgreens
3、扁豆肉丝,ShreddedporkandFrenchbeans
4、青椒肉丝,Shreddedporkandgreenpepper
5、鸭翅膀,Duckwingtips
6、豌豆黄,Peapureecake
7、馅饼,Pancakewithmeatfillingsormeat-filledpancake
8、汤面,Noodleswithsouporsoupnoodles
9、青豆鸡丁汤,Soupofchickencubeswithgreenpeaswowgold
10、三鲜汤,Three–freshsoup或soupofthreedelicacies
11、清汤鱼肚,Consommé(Clearsoup)offishmaw
12、冬瓜汤,Consommé(Clearsoup)ofwhitegourd
13、西红柿鸡蛋汤,Tomatoandeggsoup
14、肉丝海带汤,Soupofshreddedmeatwithkelpswowgold
15、素鸡汤,Clearchickensoup
16、白菜汤,Chinesecabbagesoup
17、肉片汤,Slicedporksoup
18、榨菜肉丝汤,Soupwithshreddedporkandhotpickledmustardgreens
19、丸子汤,Meat-ballsoup
20、酸辣汤,Hotandsoursoup
21、黄瓜鸡片汤,Soupofcucumberwithchickenslices
22、豆汁,Fermentedsourmilkmadefromgroundmungbeanwowgold
23、冬菇猪蹄,Pig’strotterwithmushrooms
24、肉蓉青豆,Friedgreenpeaswithmincedpork
25、咖喱牛肉片,Slicedbeefincurrysauce
26、蚝油牛肉片,Sautébeefslicesinoystersauce
27、葱头牛肉丝,Shreddedbeefwithonions
28、咖喱鸡,Chickenincurrysauce
29、桃仁鸡丁,Sautéchickencubeswithwalnuts
30、南荠鸡片,Sautéchickensliceswithwaterchestnuts
31、栗子鸡,Stewedchickenwithchestnuts
32、茶叶蛋,Boiledeggswithtea-leafs
33、番茄大虾,Prawnswithtomatosauce
34、茄汁虾球,Friedprawnballswithtomatosauce
35、蟹肉鱼肚,Stewedfishmawwithcrabmeatwowgold
36、豆浆,Soyabeanmilk
37、豆腐乳(腐乳,酱豆腐),Fermentedbeancurd
38、豆腐,汉语拼音doufu,或beancurd
39、冬菇菜心,Cabbageheartwithmushrooms
40、冬菇油菜,Sautérapewithmushrooms
二、以菜肴的主料和烹饪方法为主的菜名
1、叉烧肉,Grilledpork
2、回锅肉,Twiced-cookedporkslicesinhotsauce或boiledandfriedporkslices
3、炒杂碎,Chopsuey,海外华人餐馆里一直这样用,已经被正式编入美国《韦伯斯特新世界大学词典》(Webster’snewworldcollegedictionary)
4、清汤燕窝,Consomméofswallownest
5、清汤银耳,Consomméofwhitefungus
6、清汤银耳鹌鹑蛋,Consomméofwhitefunguswithquaileggs
7、清汤鲍鱼,Consomméofabalone
8、拔丝苹果,Crisp(rock)sugar-coatedappleortoffeeapple
9、拔丝香蕉,Crisp(rock)sugar-coatedbananaortoffeebanana
10、炒面条,Friednoodles
11、烧饼,Bakedcakeingriddle
12、核桃酪,Walnuttea
13、杏仁豆腐,Almondcurd,almondjunket
14、银耳羹,Brothofwhitefungus
15、中国发糕(山西蒸馍),SteamedChinesespongecake
16、凉拌粉皮(丝),Coldsheetjelly(madeofbeanorpotatostarch)(vermicelli)withmustardandmeatshreds
17、鸡油冬笋(扁豆),Sautébambooshoots(Frenchbeans)inchickenoil
18、油焖鲜蘑,Braisedfreshmushrooms
19、鸡蛋炒韭菜,Sautéeggswithleek
20、茶叶蛋,Boiledeggswithtea-leafs
21、白斩鸡,Boiled-slicedcoldchicken
22、芥末拌鸭掌,Coldduckwebsmixedwithmustard
23、冬笋炒肉丝,Sautéshreddedporkwithbambooshoots
24、米粉蒸肉,Steamedporkwithriceflour
25、炒里脊丝,Sautéporkfilletshreds
26、酱爆肉(鸡)丁,Sautépork(chicken)cubeswithsoyapaste
27、炒腰花,Sautéporkkidney
28、熘肝尖,Quick-friedliver
29、醋熘(辣)白菜,Starch-coatedquick-friedChinesecabbagewithvinegar(hotpepper)wowgold
30、干炸丸子,Deep-friedmeatballs
31、红烧肘子,Braised(orredstewed)porkleg(upperpartofporkleg)inbrownsauce,
32、软炸里脊,Soft-friedporkfillet
33、油熘里脊,Sautéfilletwithwhitesauce
34、瓤冬瓜,Stuffed-steamedwhitegourd
35、红烧扣肉,Braisedslicedporkinbrownsauce
36、红烧羊肉,Braisedmuttoninbrownsauce
37、葱爆羊肉,Stir-friedmuttonsliceswithChineseonionorgreenscallion
38、烤羊肉串,Muttonshashlik
39、炸鸡卷,Friedchickenrolls
40、糖炒栗子,北京特产,Roastedchestnutsinsugar-coatedheatedsand
41、红扒鸡(鸭),Braisedchicken(duck)inbrownsauce.
42、红烧全鸡,Stewedwholechickeninbrownsauce
43、口蘑蒸鸡(鸭),Steamedchicken(duck)withtruffle(freshmushrooms)
44、清蒸全鸡(鸭),Steamedwholechicken(duck)inclearsoup
45、清蒸鲤鱼,Steamedcarp
46、砂锅鸡,Cookedchickenincasserole
47、炸鸭肝(胗),Deep-friedduckliver(gizzards)
48、红烧松鸡,Braisedgrouseinbrownsauce
49、炒山鸡片,Sautépheasantslices
50、北京烤鸭,已经被编入美国英语词典(Webster’snewworldcollegedictionary),RoastedBeijingduck
51、干烧大虾,Friedprawnswithhotbrownsauce
52、干烧桂鱼,Friedmandarinfishwithhotbrownsauce
53、红烧大虾(鱼),Stewedprawns(fish)inbrownsauce
54、红烧鱼翅,Braisedshark’sfininbrownsauce
55、红烧鲍鱼,Stewedabalonewithbrownsauce
56、红烧海参,Stewedseacucumber
57、蚝油鲍鱼,Braisedabalonewithoysteroil
58、鸡丝鱼翅,Stewedshark’sfinwithchickenshreds
59、软炸大虾,Starch-coatedsoft-friedprawns
60、清炒虾仁,Sautéshrimpmeat
61、糟熘鱼片,Friedfishsliceswithwinesauce
62、烧元鱼,Braisedturtlemeat
63、烧三鲜,sautéofthreedelicacies(Threefreshes)
64、海参烧鱼肚,Sautéseacucumberandfishmaw
65、栗子烧白菜,SautéChinesecabbagewithchestnuts
66、油酥火烧,Shortened-crispcakes
67、西法大虾,就是软炸大虾,Starch-coateddeep-friedprawnsinFrenchway
68、汽锅鸡就是蒸鸡,Steamedchickenincasserole
69、烤乳猪,RoastedsuckingpigorRoastedbabypig
三、以主料和味道为主
1、麻辣牛肉,SautébeefwithhotpepperandChinesepricklyash
2、糖醋里脊,Friedporkfilletinsweetandsoursauce
3、糖醋鱼,Sweetandsourfish
4、麻辣豆腐,SautébeancurdwithhotpepperandChinesepricklyash
5、怪味鸡,multi-flavored或Fancy-flavouredchicken
6、五香花生米(鸡),Spicedpeanuts(chicken)
7、酸菜(大白菜,中国特有蔬菜)FermentedsourorpickledChinesecabbage
8、酸甜辣黄瓜条,Sweet-sourandchilicucumberslips
9、鱼香肉丝,Sautéshreddedporkinhotsauce,orsautéoffishflavoredshreddedpork
10、香酥(琵琶)鸡腿,加味后,先蒸后炸。这个菜是中国驻外使领馆举行招待会时经常上的菜肴,往往在腿根部再加上一块红纸,以便客人用手拿着吃,很受欢迎。Spiced-steamedanddeep-fried(pipa-shaped)crispchickenlegs(PipaisaChinesemusicalinstrument)。美国人称琵琶鸡腿为“鼓槌鸡腿”Chickendrumstick
11、椒盐鱼,Deep-friedfishservedwithsaltpepper
12、臭豆腐,Preservedsmellybeancurd
四、半形象化的菜名
1、金钱鱼肚中的金钱是香菇,可译成Fishmawwithmushrooms。
2、柿汁龙须菜中的龙须菜是芦笋,可以译为sautéasparaguswithtomatosauce
3、宫保鸡(肉)丁或花生仁鸡丁,Sautéchicken(pork)cubeswithhotpepperanddeep-friedcrisppeanuts
4、宫保大虾,Sautéprawnswithhotsauce
5、酱爆肉丁,Sautéporkcubeletswithsoyapaste
6、木须肉,是肉片木耳炒鸡蛋,Sautéporksliceswitheggsandfungus
7、春卷,汉语拼音,Chunjuanorspringrolls。这道菜深受外国人欢迎,在驻外使领馆举行的招待会上,几乎上多少,吃多少。
8、肉龙,就是蒸发面肉卷,Steamedrollswithmeatinsideorsteamedmeat-filledrolls
9、玉米、栗子面窝头,中国特有,用汉语拼音Wotou,steamedpagoda-shapedbreadmadeofcornflourorchestnutflour,orsteameddome-shapedbreadmadeofcornflour
10、什锦冷盘,Assortedcolddishesorassortedhord’oeuvre
11、什锦火锅,Mixedmeathot-pot
12、海鲜火锅,Seafoodhot-pot
13、松花蛋,中国特产,Preservedeggs,或limedeggs或fossilizedeggs
14、豆苗芙蓉汤,Consommeéofofegg-whitewithbeansprouts
15、古老肉,就是酸甜肉,是深受西方人喜爱的大众菜肴,也能登大雅之堂,Sweetandsourpork
16、栗子花篮,是用栗子面做成的花篮,很早被外国人译成“北京的尘土”,Peking(Beijing)dust。这个译名可能是从西餐的奶油栗子粉(Pekingdust)演变而来的。
17、西瓜花篮,是把西瓜加工成花篮形状,里面放各种时鲜水果,Basket-shapedWatermelonshapedlikeabasketfilledwithassortedfreshfruits
18、红烧狮子头,直译狮子的头,Lion’shead,是先炸后炖的大丸子,加注:Deep-friedred-stewedbigmeatballslikelion’shead
19、芙蓉鸡片,用鸡蛋和淀粉浸过的鸡片,经油炸或油煸之后,样子像芙蓉花,Friedegg-andstarchcoatedchickensliceslooklikecottonrosehibiscus
20、黑白菜,东北著名菜肴,是黑木耳炒白菜,SautéChinesecabbagewithblackfungus
21、樟茶鸭,熏过的鸭子颜色类似樟、茶色,Smokedduck
22、蟹肉龙须菜,龙须菜是芦笋,Sautécrabmeatandasparagus
23、麻婆豆腐,这是一个类似成语的大众菜肴,最好用汉语拼音,Mapo-doufu,再加注英文:Beancurdinventedbyapockmarkedwoman(麻脸婆发明的豆腐),再解释:Sautébeancurdwithmincedporkinchilisauce(orhotpepper),在上菜时,再讲故事介绍
24、豆腐脑,Beancurdjellyservedwithsauce
25、豆花儿,Condensedbeancurdjelly
26、腐竹,Rollsofdriedbeanmilkcreams
27、油饼,中国特有食品,汉语拼音,Youbing,加注:Deep-friedroundandflatdough-cake
28、油条,中国特有食品,汉语拼音,Youtiao,加注:Deep-friedtwistedlongdoughsticks
29、麻花,中国特产,汉语拼音,Mahua,加注:Deep-friedtwisteddough,twoorthree,entangledtogether,veryshortandcrisp
30、叫花子鸡可以直译为Beggar’schicken,上菜时讲故事。
31、狗不理包子,中国特产,用汉语拼音,Goubulibaozi,加注:Steamedbunsfilledwithvegetables,meatorotheringredients,which,evenintheharddays,dogsdidn’teat,becauseitwantoooily。
32、长寿面,可以直译为longevitynoodles,longlifenoodles
33、珍珠丸子,不能直译为Pearlballs,会被误解成珍珠做成的圆球。应该译为清汤肉丸子,Meatballsinclearsoup
34、琵琶大虾,这是一个很名贵的菜肴,是把大对虾从中间劈开,保留虾尾,加上配料用油炸,外形酷似琵琶。可译为Pipashapeddeep-friedprawns(PipaisaChinesemusicalinstrument)
五、完全形象化的菜名
1、饺子,中国特产,用汉语拼音,Jiaozi,加注dumplings,ravioli。近年来,由于中国与外界的联系日益扩大,出国的中国人,到中国来经商学习的外国人越来越多,作为中华文化载体的中餐必然会随之传播到世界各地。
2、蒸饺,中国特产,Steamedjiaoziorsteameddumplings,orravioli
3、馄饨,云吞,中国特产,用汉语拼音Hutun,yuntu,海外华人餐馆一直这样用,实际上已经被外国人了解。加注:Minijiaoziservedinsoup
4、元宵,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Yuanxiao,加注:Filledroundballsmadeofglutinousrice-flourforLanternFestival
5、汤圆,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Tangyuan,(filledballsmadeofglutinousriceflourandservedwithsoup
6、八宝饭,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Babaofan,加注:Ricepuddingwitheight-deliciousingredients
7、花卷,Steamedrolls
8、银丝卷,Steamedrolls(bread)looklikesilverthreads
9、糖葫芦或冰糖葫芦,北京特产,用汉语拼音,Bingtanghulu加注:Crisp-sugarcoatedfruit(haws,yam,crabapple,etc)onastick.
10、猫耳朵,山西特产,直译Cat’sears,加注:Steamedcat-earshapedbread
11、包子,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Baozi,加注:Steamedbunswithfillingsofmincedvegetables,meatorotheringredients
12、龙虎斗,就是蛇肉和猫肉,可以形象地翻译成Battlebetweendragonandtiger,加注:Stir-friedsnakeandcat’smeat
13、驴打滚,属于北京风味小吃,就是年糕卷沾黄豆面,如同驴在黄土地上打滚,非常形象生动,完全可以翻译成Drollingondust-ground,再加注:Rollsmadeofglutinousriceflourcoatedwithsoybeanflour,lookslikedrollingondust-ground.
14、大丰收,实际上是西餐中的什锦生菜沙拉,这个菜名很有创意。堪称中西结合的典范。但是,只有吃过的人才知道它是什么。可以用汉语拼音,Dafengshou,Bigharvest,再加注:Saladofassortedfreshvegetables
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